• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A vehicle is provided including: an internal battery pack (17) having an internal battery module (42) and an internal housing (43) housing the internal battery module (42), and is disposed within the vehicle; and an external battery pack (16) having an external battery module (40) and an outer housing (41) housing the external battery module (40), and is disposed outside the vehicle, wherein an exchange rate of inner box air (43) is greater than an outer box air exchange rate (41).
    公开号:BR102017025026A2
    申请号:R102017025026
    申请日:2017-11-22
    公开日:2018-10-30
    发明作者:Mizuta Hiroya；Tanaka Koichi；Goitsuka Shinya
    申请人:Toyota Motor Co Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (54) Title: VEHICLE (51) Int. Cl .: H02J 50/00; B60R 16/04; H01M 10/44; H01M 2/10; B60K 1/04 (30) Unionist Priority: 12/19/2016 JP 2016 2445123 (73) Holder (s): TOYOTA JIDOSHA
    KABUSHIKI KAISHA (72) Inventor (s): SHINYA GOITSUKA; KOICHI TANAKA; HIROYA MIZUTA (85) National Phase Start Date:
    11/22/2017 (57) Summary: A vehicle is provided including: an internal battery pack (17) that has an internal battery module (42) and an internal box (43) housing the internal battery module (42) , and is arranged inside the vehicle; and an external battery pack (16) that has an external battery module (40) and an external box (41) housing the external battery module (40), and is arranged outside the vehicle, at which an exchange rate of air from the inner box (43) is greater than an air exchange rate from the outer box (41).
    1/31
    DESCRIPTION REPORT OF THE INVENTION PATENT FOR VEHICLES.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    1. Field of the Invention [001] The present disclosure relates to a vehicle and, more particularly, to a vehicle equipped with an internal battery pack and an external battery pack.
    2. Description of Related Art [002] The vehicle described in Japanese Patent No. 5741695 is equipped below with an internal battery pack installed inside the cabin of the vehicle and a set of external batteries installed outside the vehicle cabin.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [003] The external battery pack disposed outside the vehicle cabin as in the vehicle above tends to be exposed to outside air. Furthermore, when the external battery pack is disposed under a floor panel and the vehicle described in Japanese Patent No. 5741695, foreign substances such as dust, small stones and rain water raised by the wheels can enter the set of external batteries. Since the environment surrounding the internal battery pack contains a smaller amount of external substances such as dust, small stones and water than the environments surrounding the external battery pack, the possibility of such external substances entering the internal battery pack is less than the possibility of entering the external battery pack.
    [004] Being exposed to external air, the external battery pack is easily cooled by the displacement wind while the vehicle is running. On the contrary, being arranged inside the vehicle, the internal battery pack is hardly cooled by the displacement wind.
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    2/31 [005] Because of this difference in your surrounding environment between the internal battery pack and the external battery pack, the required dustproof (waterproof) performance and cooling performance are different between the internal battery pack and the external battery pack.
    [006] Nevertheless, conventional vehicles did not take into account the case properties of the internal battery pack and the external battery pack with a focus on the difference in the required dustproof (waterproof) performance and cooling performance between the battery pack. internal batteries and the external battery pack.
    [007] This disclosure provides a vehicle equipped with an internal battery pack and an external battery pack in which the dustproof (waterproof) performance and cooling performance of the internal battery pack and the external battery pack are insured in accordance with their respective surrounding environments.
    [008] A vehicle according to the present disclosure includes: a first set of batteries that has a first battery module and a first box housing the first battery module, and is disposed within the vehicle; and a second set of batteries that has a second battery module and a second box housing the second battery module, and is arranged on a lower surface of the vehicle located on the outside of the vehicle. An air exchange rate for the first box is greater than an air exchange rate for the second box.
    [009] According to this vehicle, the air exchange rate of the first box is higher than the air exchange rate of the second box. [0010] Here, the rate of air exchange (times / 24 hours) is a value obtained by dividing an amount of air exchange within 24 hours by
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    3/31 an internal volume (air volume) of the battery case. In other words, the air exchange rate is a value that indicates how many times the air inside the battery is replaced within 24 hours.
    [0011] Since the indoor air contains a smaller amount of external substances than the outdoor air, there is a lower risk of external substances entering the first box despite its high rate of air exchange. In addition, the temperature rise of the first battery module can be suppressed, so that the air inside the first box heated by the first battery module is easily replaced with air at a comparatively low temperature present outside the first box due to the high air exchange rate.
    [0012] The second set of batteries, on the other hand, has a low rate of air exchange, so that air outside the second set of batteries does not easily enter the second set of batteries. Thus, foreign substances such as dust can be prevented from entering the second set of batteries. In addition, the second battery module can be safely cooled, when the second battery pack is easily cooled by external air such as a displacement wind.
    [0013] The vehicle according to the present disclosure can also include an engine and a discharge pipe connected to the engine. The exhaust pipe can be provided on the bottom surface of the vehicle and arranged in a position adjacent to the second box.
    [0014] According to this vehicle, the second box is heated by the heat from the exhaust pipe. When the second box is heated, the water inside the second box is likely to vaporize in water vapor. In the second box, too, the air inside the second box and the air outside the second box are exchanged, and the water vapor inside the second box is also discharged outside the second box once the air is replaced.
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    4/31 [0015] The vehicle according to the present disclosure may also include an electrical energy receiving device that is configured to receive contactless electrical energy from an electrical energy transmission device provided outside the vehicle. The electrical energy receiving device can be provided on a lower surface of the second box.
    [0016] According to this vehicle, the temperature of the second box is raised by the heat of the electrical energy receiving device when the electrical energy receiving device receives electrical energy. When the second box is heated, the water inside the second box is likely to vaporize in water vapor. In the second box, too, the air inside the second box and the air outside the second box are exchanged, and the water vapor inside the second box is also discharged outside the second box once the air is replaced.
    [0017] In the vehicle, according to the present disclosure, when the second box and the first box are seen in a lower plane view of the vehicle, the area of the first box can be larger than the area of the second box, and the device Electricity receiver can be arranged on the bottom surface of the second box.
    [0018] According to this vehicle, the electrical energy receiving device is provided on the bottom surface of the second box having a large area, so that a magnetic flux generated around the electrical energy receiving device while the electrical energy receiving device receiving electrical power can be prevented from entering the vehicle. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the vehicle from being heated by the magnetic flux generated around the electrical energy receiving device.
    [0019] In the vehicle, according to the present disclosure, the second box can be made of an alloy containing aluminum. According
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    In this vehicle, any magnetic flux generated around the electrical energy receiving device that tries to enter the second box is reflected by the second box made of an alloy containing aluminum. As a result, the amount of magnetic flux entering the second box can be reduced, and the second box can be prevented from reaching an excessively high temperature.
    [0020] The vehicle according to the present disclosure can also include a load input to which a load connector provided outside the vehicle must be connected. The charge input can be electrically connected to the first battery module and the second battery module. The cargo entry can be provided on a peripheral surface of the vehicle.
    [0021] According to this vehicle, damage to the entrance can be avoided even when the electrical energy receiving device is damaged by a fallen object, etc. on a road surface. Therefore, it is possible to charge the first battery module and the second battery module from the input.
    [0022] The vehicle according to the present disclosure may also include a first electrical power cable connected to the electrical energy receiving device and the second set of batteries, and a second electrical energy cable connected to the electrical energy receiving device and the first set of batteries. The battery capacity of the second battery module may be greater than the battery capacity of the first battery module, and the length of the first power cable may be less than the length of the second power cable.
    [0023] According to this vehicle, when the vehicle is collided by another vehicle etc., the possibility of breaking the first power cable having a shorter cable length is less than the possibility of breaking the second power cable electrical
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    6/31 having a longer cable length. The first power cable is connected to the second set of batteries having a large battery capacity. Thus, even when the second power cable breaks, the first power cable is connected to the second battery module having a large battery capacity, so that the second battery module having a large battery capacity can be charged .
    [0024] According to the vehicle of the present disclosure, it is possible to ensure the dustproof (waterproof) performance and the cooling performance of the internal battery pack and the external battery pack according to their respective surrounding environments.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0025] Features, advantages and technical and industrial meanings of exemplary embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the similar numbers denote similar elements, and in which:
    [0026] FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing a vehicle 1;
    [0027] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an external battery pack 16;
    [0028] FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing an internal battery pack 17;
    [0029] FIG. 4 is a plan view of vehicle 1, seen from below;
    [0030] FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram showing vehicle 1;
    [0031] cado;
    [0032] FIG. 6 is a bottom view showing an example modified in FIG. 7 is a bottom view of vehicle 1, according to
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    7/31 embodiment 2, seen from below; and [0033] FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing schematically a modified example of how to install the external battery pack 16.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPLISHMENTS [0034] An electrically operated vehicle according to the embodiments will be described using FIG. 1 to FIG. 7. Of the components shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 7, those components that are the same or substantially the same can be indicated by the same reference signs to omit the superimposed description.
    [0035] Arrows U and D indicated in FIG. 1, etc. respectively indicate an upward and a downward direction. Arrows L and R indicate a direction to the left and a direction to the right of the vehicle respectively. Arrows F and B indicate a front direction and a rear direction of the vehicle respectively. <Embodiment 1> FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing a vehicle 1. As shown in FIG. 1, an engine compartment 2, an occupant space 3 and a luggage space 4 are formed inside the vehicle 1.
    [0036] An engine and other devices are installed in the engine compartment 2. The occupant space 3 is formed on a rear side of the engine compartment 2. The luggage space 4 is still arranged on the rear side of the occupant space 3.
    [0037] Vehicle 1 includes wheels 7, a drive device 10, a loading device 11, an electrical energy receiving device 12, a fuel tank 13, a floor panel 14 forming a bottom surface 15 of vehicle 1, an external battery pack 16 and an internal battery pack 17. Vehicle 1 according to this embodiment can charge the external battery pack 16 and the internal battery pack 17 with electrical power from a
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    8/31 energy source supplied outside the vehicle 1 by means of the charging device 11 or the electrical energy receiving device 12.
    [0038] The bottom surface 15 of vehicle 1 formed by the floor panel 14 is located on the outer side of vehicle 1. The external battery pack 16 is arranged on the bottom surface 15 of vehicle 1, specifically on a lower surface of the dashboard. floor 14. The internal battery pack 17 is housed within a vehicle cabin (inside vehicle 1), and is specifically arranged on an upper surface of the floor panel 14.
    [0039] The drive device 10 includes an engine 20, rotating electrical machines 21, 22, a power distribution device 23 and a PCU 24. Using fuel supplied from the fuel tank 13, the engine 20 generates a power of drive to drive the wheels 7. PCU 24 includes a converter and an inverter. PCU 24 raises the direct current power voltage supplied from external battery pack 16 and internal battery pack 17, and converts direct current power at high voltage into alternating current power. Using the alternating current energy supplied from PCU 24, the rotating electrical machine 21 generates power to drive the wheels 7. The PCU 24 can control the drive of the rotating electrical machine 21, including its rotation speed, by adjusting the frequency etc. of the alternating current supplied to the rotating electrical machine 21.
    [0040] The rotating electrical machine 22 works mainly as an energy generator. The energy distribution device 23 distributes energy from the motor 20 to the wheels 7 and the rotating electrical machine 22.
    [0041] The loading device 11 includes an entrance 30 and a rectifier 31. A cover 32 is provided on a left side surface 5 of the vehicle 1, and when the cover 32 is opened, the entrance 30 is
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    9/31 exposed to the outside. A charging connector 33 provided at a charging station, etc. can be connected to input 30. Rectifier 31 converts alternating current energy, supplied from the load connector 33 through input 30, into direct current energy, and supplies this direct current energy to external battery pack 16 and to the internal battery pack 17.
    [0042] The electrical energy receiving device 12 is disposed on a lower surface of the external battery pack 16. The electrical energy receiving device 12 receives electrical energy without contact from an electrical energy transmission device 35 which is disposed in an earth surface, etc. The electrical power transmission device 35 is connected to a power source 38.
    [0043] The external battery pack 16 includes a battery module 40 and an external box 41 housing the battery module 40. The internal battery set 17 includes a battery module 42 and an internal box 43 housing the battery module 42 .
    [0044] The air exchange rate of the inner box 43 is higher than the air exchange rate of the outer box 41. This means that the hermetic property of the outer box 41 is greater than the hermetic property of the inner box 43.
    [0045] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the external battery pack 16. As shown in FIG. 2, the external battery pack 16 is attached to the bottom surface of the floor panel 14 with a plurality of fixing members 44. The outer box 41 includes a main body of the box 45 and a resin cover 46. An opening is formed in an upper side of the main body of the box 45, and the resin lid 46 covers this opening of the main body of the box 45.
    [0046] An annular or similar sealing element is arranged
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    10/31 between the resin cover 46 and the main body of the box 45 to seal a gap between the resin cover 46 and the main body of the box 45. [0047] The main body of the box 45 includes a lower plate 47 and a peripheral wall 48 which are formed to stand from the bottom plate 47. The main body of the box 45 is made of a metal containing aluminum, and is made of, for example, aluminum or an aluminum alloy. The main body of the box 45 is formed by die casting, and the bottom plate 47 and the peripheral wall 48 are integrally formed.
    [0048] The peripheral wall 48 has an orifice 49 formed therein, and a waterproof and moisture-permeable film 50 is provided in orifice 49.
    [0049] For example, Gore-Tex (R) can be adopted as the waterproof and moisture-permeable film 50. Highly water-resistant, wind-resistant and moisture-permeable, the waterproof and moisture-permeable film 50 can prevent external substances such as water and dust enter from outside the outer box 41 to the outer box 41. At the same time, the impermeable and moisture-permeable film 50 having high moisture permeability allows water vapor inside the outer box 41 to pass through the same to the outside of the outer box 41. The air inside the outer box 41 is discharged outside through the impermeable and moisture-permeable film 50, while the air outside the outer box 41 enters the outer box 41 through the impermeable film and moisture permeable 50.
    [0050] The battery module 40 includes a plurality of battery units 25, and in the example shown in FIG. 2, the battery module 40 includes four battery units 25. Each battery unit 25 includes a plurality of individual cells that are arranged in a front-rear direction of the vehicle 1, and each battery unit 25
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    11/31 is formed into an elongated shape in the front-rear direction of the vehicle 1. The battery units 25 are arranged at intervals in a left-right direction of the vehicle 1.
    [0051] FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the internal battery pack 17. As shown in FIG. 3, the inner box 43 includes a battery housing part 51 in which the battery module 42 is housed, a device housing part 52 arranged in the battery housing part 51, and a cover 53 arranged in the battery housing part device 52. The battery housing part 51 is formed in a shape that is closed at the bottom and opened at the top.
    [0052] The battery module 42 includes a plurality of battery units 26, and in the example shown in FIG. 3, the battery module 42 includes two battery units 26.
    [0053] The housing part of the device 52 is formed in a shape similar to a frame that is opened at the bottom and at the top. Within the housing portion of the device 52, a plurality of rods similar to the plate are disposed and a plurality of devices are disposed on these rods. Flanges 54 are formed on an opening edge of the battery housing part 51, and flanges 55 are formed on an opening edge on a lower side of the device housing part 52.
    [0054] Flanges 54 and flanges 55 are fixed together with screws, etc. Flanges 54 and flanges 55 are not formed in a closed shape, so that a gap is left between the battery housing part 51 and the device housing part 52. In addition, no sealing elements or the like are arranged between flanges 54 and flanges 55, so that a gap is also left between flanges 54 and flanges 55.
    [0055] The cover 53 is fixed with screws, etc. on a supePetition side 870170090112, of 11/22/2017, p. 82/116
    12/31 rear of the housing part of the device 52. Thus, a gap is also left between the housing part of the device 52 and the cover 53.
    [0056] Next, a method of measuring the air exchange rate of the outer box 41 and the inner box 43 will be described. An air exchange rate n can be expressed by the following Formula (1).
    Q / V x 24 = n (times / 24 hours) (1) [0057] where Q is an amount of air exchange (m 3 / h); V is the air volume of the outer box 41 and the air volume of the inner box 43; Q / V is an hourly rate of air exchange; en is a 24-hour air exchange rate. In this specification, the air exchange rate is indicated by n.
    [0058] For example, when the hourly air exchange rate of the outer box 41 is Q 41 / V 41 , to derive Q 41 / V 41 , first, a nitrogen gas is injected into the outer box 41 at an internal location until the oxygen concentration drops to 15% or less. Measurement of oxygen concentration is initiated after completion of nitrogen gas injection. The oxygen concentration inside the outer box 41 changes so that the air inside the outer box 41 is replaced with the air outside the outer box 41 over time. So, this change in oxygen concentration falls within a predetermined range, and the change almost ends. Upon detecting this moment, Q 41 / V 41 is calculated by the following Formula (2) when the oxygen concentration has stopped changing after the measurement has started.
    p0 - p = (pc - p-ι) e - Q41t / V41 + k / Q41 (1 - e -Q41t / V41 ) ··· (2), [0059] where V 41 is the volume of air (m 3 ) of the outer box 41; p is an oxygen concentration (%) after a time t has elapsed since the measurement started; p0 is an oxygen concentration (%) of the external air; p1 is an initial oxygen concentration (%) inside the outer box 41; k is an amount of oxygen (m 3 / h) generated within
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    13/31 of the outer box 41, which is zero in this embodiment since no oxygen is generated inside the outer box 41; and t is a time (h) until the change in oxygen concentration falls within a predetermined range after the start of oxygen concentration measurement. [0060] Q 41 / V 41 can be calculated by Formula (2) above. Therefore, the air exchange rate n 41 of the outer box 41 is 24 x Q 41 / V 41 .
    [0061] The air exchange rate Q 43 / V 43 per hour of the inner box 43 and the air exchange rate n 43 of the inner box 43 can be calculated in the same way.
    [0062] In the outer box 41, there is almost no gap between the main body of the box 45 and the resin lid 46, so that the air inside the outer box 41 is replaced with the air outside the outer box 41 through the waterproof film and moisture-permeable 50. Thus, the amount of air exchanged through the waterproof and moisture-permeable film 50 within an hour is Q 41 .
    [0063] In the inner box 43, the air inside the inner box 43 is replaced with the air outside the inner box 43 through the gap between the cover 53 and the housing part of the device 52 and the clearance between the housing part of the device 52 and the battery housing part 51. Thus, the amount of air exchange through the clearance of the inner box 43 within an hour is Q43.
    [0064] In Embodiment 1, Q 41 is less than Q 43 , and the air volume V41 of the outer box 41 is greater than the air volume V43 of the inner box 43. Consequently, the air exchange rate n43 of the inner box 43 is higher than the air exchange rate n41 of outer box 41.
    [0065] Thus, the air inside the box is more easily exchanged with the air outside the box in the inner box 43 than in the outer box 41. As a result, even when the air inside the inner box 43 is heated by the battery 42, this air is easily replaced
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    14/31 with air at a comparatively low temperature present outside the inner box 43, so that the temperature of the battery module 42 does not rise easily.
    [0066] Therefore, it is possible to avoid excessive temperature rise within the internal battery pack 17 even when the internal battery pack 17 is not provided with a cooling device.
    [0067] As the outer box 41 has a low rate of air exchange n41, external substances such as dust can be prevented from entering the external battery pack 16, and various problems caused by the entry of such external substances can be avoided. [0068] External battery pack 16 is provided on the bottom surface 15 of vehicle 1, and external battery pack 16 is exposed to external air. Therefore, the external battery pack 16 can be suitably cooled by a displacement wind blowing in the external battery pack 16 once the vehicle 1 moves.
    [0069] Here, in Embodiment 1, in the example in which the air volume of the external battery pack 16 is greater than the air volume of the internal battery pack 17 has been described. Also, in the case where the air volume of the internal battery pack 17 is greater than the air volume of the external battery pack 16, it is possible to prevent external substances from entering the external battery pack 16 and ensure cooling performance of the internal battery pack 17 if the air exchange rate n43 of the inner case 43 is greater than the air exchange rate n41 of the outer case 41.
    [0070] Specifically, in the case where the air exchange rate n43 of the inner box 43 is greater than the air exchange rate n41 of the outer box 41, the amount of air exchange in the inner box 43 increases since the air volume V43 of inner box 43 increases. Like a
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    As a result, the heated air inside the inner box 43 is easily replaced with air at a comparatively low temperature present outside the inner box 43, so that the temperature rise of the battery module 42 is suppressed.
    [0071] FIG. 4 is a plan view of vehicle 1, seen from below. As shown in FIG. 4, the power receiving device 12 is provided on a lower surface of the external battery pack 16. The power receiving device 12 includes a coil housing box 66 and a housing for device 67. The power receiving device electrical power 12 includes an electrical energy receiving coil 60 housed within the coil housing box 66, and a capacitor 61, a rectifier 62, and a terminal block 63 housed within the housing housing of device 67. [0072] The coil The electrical energy receiver 60 is a spiral coil that is formed so as to surround a bearing axis O1 that extends in an upper-lower direction. Reference signal L1 shown in FIG. 4 is a center line L1 that extends in the front-rear direction of vehicle 1 and passes through a central part of vehicle 1 in a wide direction. When the electrical energy receiving coil 60 is observed under the vehicle 1, the electrical energy receiving device 12 is arranged so that the electrical energy receiving coil 60 positions on the center line L1. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the bearing axis O1 of the electrical receiving coil 60 and the center line L1 intersect.
    [0073] The coil housing box 66 and the device housing box 67 are provided so that the upper surfaces of these are in contact with the outer box 41. Thus, when the electrical energy receiving device 12 increases in temperature while receives electrical energy, the heat from the electrical energy receiving device 12 is released to the outer box 41 through a
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    16/31 contact part between the coil housing box 66 and the outer box 41 and a contact part between the device housing box 67 and the outer box 41. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise of the receiving device power 12 while the power receiving device 12 is receiving power.
    [0074] The housing of device 67 is arranged close to a right side surface 6 of vehicle 1 than the housing of coil 66 is, and capacitor 61, rectifier 62 and terminal block 63 are arranged close to the right side surface 6 of the vehicle 1 than the electrical receiving coil 60 is. For example, the housing of device 67 is made of a metal such as aluminum, and the housing of coil 66 is made of a material such as a resin that allows a magnetic flux to pass through. Terminal block 63 includes a terminal 64 and a terminal 65. A load relay 70 and an SMR 71 are provided on a front end side of the external battery pack 16.
    [0075] Vehicle 1 includes an electrical power cable 80 that is connected to the load relay 70 and terminal 64, and an electrical power cable 81 that connects the SMR 71 and the PCU 24 with each other. The power cable 80 is taken out of terminal 64 towards the right side surface 6. The power cable 80 extends in the forward direction F along a side surface of the outer housing 41 on the side of the right side surface 6 Upon reaching a front end surface of the outer case 41, the power cable 80 extends along the front end surface of the outer case 41 and is connected to the load relay 70. The load relay 70 is connected to the module of battery 40.
    [0076] The power cable 81 is taken out of the SMR 71 in the forward direction F and is connected to PCU 24.
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    17/31 [0077] Vehicle 1 includes an electrical power cable 84 that connects terminal 65 and a connection part 68. Connection part 68 is provided inside vehicle 1, and when vehicle 1 is viewed in a view bottom plane, the connection part 68 is arranged on the rear side than the external battery pack 16.
    [0078] The power cable 84 is taken out of terminal 65 towards the right side surface 6 and taken out in the rear direction B along the side surface of the outer box 41 on the side of the right side surface 6. Upon reaching a rear end surface of the outer box 41, the power cable 84 extends along the rear end surface of the outer box 41, and is carried in vehicle 1 through a hole 72 formed in the floor panel 14. After enter vehicle 1 through hole 72, the power cable 84 is connected to the connection part 68.
    [0079] A load relay 98 and an SMR 69 are provided inside the internal box 43 of the internal battery pack 17. Vehicle 1 includes an electric power cable 86 that connects the load relay 98 and the connection part 68. Vehicle 1 includes an electric power cable 96 that connects SMR 69 housed in the inner box 43 and PCU 24. Electric power cable 96 extends from SMR 69 in the forward direction F of vehicle 1, and is taken out of the bottom surface 15 of vehicle 1 through hole 72. Then, the power cable 96 extends along the rear end surface of the outer box 41 and the side surface of the outer box 41 on the side of the right side surface 6, and is connected to PCU 24. SMR 69 is connected to battery module 42.
    [0080] Charging device 11 includes an electrical power cable 36 that connects input 30 and rectifier 31 to each other, and electrical power cable 36 includes an electrical power line 37. Vehicle 1 includes a power cable electrical 88 connecting the rectifier 31 and the
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    18/31 connection part 68. Electric power cables 80, 81, 84, 86, 88, 96 include electric power lines 82, 83, 85, 87, 89, 97 and insulating films covering the electric power lines 82, 83, 85, 87, 89, 97.
    [0081] Here, the cable length of the power cable 80 connecting the power receiving device 12 and the external battery pack 16 is less than the total cable length of the power cables 84, 86 connecting the electrical energy receiving device 12 and the internal battery pack 17. Consequently, for example, when another vehicle collides with vehicle 1, the possibility of breakage of at least one of the electrical power cable 84 and the electrical power cable 86 is greater than the possibility of breaking the electric power cable 80.
    [0082] If the power cord 80 is intact, the power received by the power receiver device 12 can be supplied to the external battery pack 16. Since the battery capacity of the battery module 40 is greater than the battery capacity of the battery module 42, charging the battery module 40 can ensure a long range over which the vehicle 1 can operate on a driving force of the rotating electrical machine 21 with the engine 20 stopped.
    [0083] The external battery pack 16 is disposed more on the rear side of vehicle 1 than the PCU 24, and the internal battery pack 17 is disposed more on the rear side of vehicle 1 than the external battery pack 16. Consequently , the cable length of the power cable 81 that connects the SMR 71 and the PCU 24 is less than the cable length of the power cable 96 that connects the SMR 69 and the PCU 24. So when another vehicle, etc. collides in vehicle 1, the possibility of breaking the power cable 81 is less than the possibility of breaking the cable
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    19/31 electric power 96. If electric power cord 81 is left intact, vehicle 1 can run on electrical power from battery module 40. Furthermore, even when engine 20 is also damaged by the collision, vehicle 1 can maintain the working capacity if the electric power cable 81, the rotating electrical machine 21, the PCU 24, etc. are in good condition. In this case, since the battery capacity of the battery module 40 is greater than the battery capacity of the battery module 42, a comparatively long range can be ensured even with the engine 20 stopped. [0084] As shown in FIG. 4, the entrance 30 is provided on the left side surface 5 of the vehicle 1, and the electrical energy receiving device 12 is provided on the outside of the vehicle, on the bottom surface of the external box 41. Thus, for example, even when a fallen object on a land surface and the electrical energy receiving device 12 comes into contact while the vehicle 1 is in motion, and the electrical energy receiving device 12 is damaged, damage to the entrance 30 can be prevented. Since damage to the inlet 30 is prevented, the charging function of the charging device 11 can be ensured. When another vehicle collides on the left side surface 5 of vehicle 1, entrance 30 is likely to be damaged, while damage to the electrical energy receiving device 12 can be prevented and thus the charging function of the electrical energy receiving device 12 can be prevented. be ensured. In the example shown in FIG. 4, etc., inlet 30 is provided on the left side surface 5 of vehicle 1, but inlet 30 can be provided on the right side surface 6, or it can be provided on a front end surface or a rear end surface of the vehicle 1. In short, entry 30 can be provided on a peripheral surface of the vehicle 1.
    [0085] Vehicle 1 includes a discharge pipe 73 and a muffler 74. The muffler 74 is provided on the rear side of vehicle 1, and the
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    20/31 exhaust pipe 73 is provided in order to connect the muffler 74 and the engine 20. The exhaust pipe 73 extends in the front rear direction of the vehicle 1, and is arranged closer to the right side surface 6 than the outer box 41 it is.
    [0086] FIG. 5 is a block diagram schematically showing vehicle 1. In FIG. 5, when vehicle 1 is moving, load relays 70, 98 are switched off and SMR 71 and SMR 69 are switched on. Electric power is supplied from the external battery pack 16 and the internal battery pack 17 to PCU 24. The rotating electrical machine 22 and the motor 20 drive the vehicle 1 to move.
    [0087] The electric power transmission device 35 includes an electric power transmission coil 56, a capacitor 57 and a converter 58. The converter 58 adjusts the frequency, voltage, etc. of alternating current power supplied from the power source 38. The power transmission coil 56 and capacitor 57 are connected in series, and the power transmission coil 56 and capacitor 57 are connected to the converter 58. Here, an LC resonator is formed by the electric power transmission coil 56 and capacitor 57.
    [0088] Electricity receiving device 12 includes an electric power line 90 that connects rectifier 62 and terminal 64 to each other, and electric power line 90 includes a wire 91a and a wire 91b. [0089] Electricity receiving device 12 includes an electric power line 92 which is connected to terminal 65 and electric power line 90. Electric power line 92 includes a wire 93a which is connected to a node 95a of the wire 91a, and a wire 93b that is connected to a node 95b of wire 91b.
    [0090] When vehicle 1 charges the external battery pack 16 and the internal battery pack 17 with transmitted electrical energy
    Petition 870170090112, of 11/22/2017, p. 91/116
    21/31 from the power transmission device 35, the load relay 70 and the load relay 98 are switched on and the SMR 71 and SMR 69 are switched off. Converter 58 adjusts the frequency and voltage of the alternating current energy supplied from the power source 38, and supplies the adjusted energy to the electric power transmission coil 56 and capacitor 57.
    [0091] When this alternating current energy is supplied to the electricity transmission coil 56, an electromagnetic field is formed around the electrical energy transmission coil 56. The electrical energy receiving coil 60 of the electrical energy receiving device 12 receives electrical energy through this electromagnetic field. Rectifier 62 converts electrical energy received by the electrical energy receiving coil 60 into direct current energy and produces this direct current energy. The direct current power output from rectifier 62 is supplied to battery module 42 of internal battery pack 17 via electrical power line 90, electrical power line 92, terminal 65, electrical power line 85 , of the connection part 68 and of the electric power line 87. Even when the direct current energy output from the rectifier 62 reaches the rectifier 31 in this process, the electric energy from the rectifier 62 is prevented by the rectifier 31 from reaching entry 30.
    [0092] Direct current power output from rectifier 62 is supplied to battery module 40 of external battery pack 16 via electrical power line 90, terminal 64, electrical power line 82 and the power relay. load 70.
    [0093] Also when vehicle 1 charges external battery pack 16 and internal battery pack 17 with electrical power supplied from input 30, load relay 70 and load relay 98 are switched on and SMR 71 and the SMR 69 are switched off. So the
    Petition 870170090112, of 11/22/2017, p. 92/116
    22/31 AC power is supplied to rectifier 31 from the load connector 33 connected to input 30. Rectifier 31 converts the AC power supplied into direct current energy and produces this direct current energy.
    [0094] Direct current power output from rectifier 31 is supplied to battery module 42 of internal battery pack 17 via power line 89, connection part 68 and power line 87. In addition In addition, direct current power output from rectifier 31 is supplied to battery module 40 of external battery pack 16 via power line 89, connection part 68, power line 85, line 92, terminal 64, electric line 82 and load relay 70.
    [0095] In vehicle 1 thus configured, water can accumulate inside the external box 41 of the external battery pack 16. For example, when the air outside vehicle 1 presents high temperature and humidity during the day, this hot and humid air enters the outer box 41 through the impermeable and moisture-permeable film 50 shown in FIG. 4. Since the air outside vehicle 1 is cooled overnight, the outer box 41 can also cool. In such cases, water vapor contained in the air inside the outer box 41 can liquefy. As a result, water can accumulate inside the outer box 41. In particular, the water inside the outer box 41 can increase since this phenomenon occurs repeatedly.
    [0096] In Embodiment 1, however, the discharge pipe 73 is provided in a position adjacent to the outer box 41, as shown in FIG. 4. When vehicle 1 moves, the high temperature exhaust gas from the engine 20 flows into the exhaust pipe 73, increasing the temperature of the exhaust pipe 73. As a result, a part of the outer box 41 that is facing the pipe
    Petition 870170090112, of 11/22/2017, p. 93/116
    Discharge 23/31 is heated to a high temperature by the heat of the discharge pipe 73. When this part of the outer box 41 reaches a high temperature, the water inside the outer box 41 evaporates when it reaches this high temperature part. The water vapor can pass through the impermeable and moisture-permeable film 50 and thus the water vapor inside the outer box 41 is discharged to the outside through the impermeable and moisture-permeable film 50. Thus, the water inside the outer case 41 can be unloaded from outer case 41 to the outside.
    [0097] Furthermore, in Embodiment 1, the electrical energy receiving device 12 is arranged in contact with the lower surface of the outer box 41. When the electrical energy receiving device 12 receives electrical energy, the temperature of the electrical energy receiving coil 60 increases as a current flows through the electrical energy receiving coil 60. The temperatures of capacitor 61 and rectifier 62 also increase. As a result, the temperature of the electrical energy receiving device 12 increases. [0098] The heat from the electrical energy receiving device 12 is released to the outer box 41 through the contact part between the coil housing box 66 and the outer box 41 and the contact part between the device housing box 67 and the outer box 41.
    [0099] Thus, once the heat from the electrical energy receiving device 12 is transmitted to the outer box 41, the temperature inside the outer box 41 increases. Therefore, it is possible to vaporize the water inside the outer box 41 and discharge the water through the impermeable and moisture-permeable film 50 to the outside, even while the electrical energy receiving device 12 is receiving electrical energy.
    [00100] Thus, the discharge pipe 73 and the electrical energy receiving device 12 function as heat generators that evaporate
    Petition 870170090112, of 11/22/2017, p. 94/116
    24/31 the water inside the outer box 41.
    [00101] Since the discharge pipe 73 and the electrical energy receiving device 12 are arranged on one side of the bottom surface of the floor panel 14, as shown in FIG. 4, the heat from the discharge pipe 73 and the electrical energy receiving device 12 rarely reaches the internal battery pack 17, so that the internal battery pack 17 is prevented from reaching a high temperature. [00102] Here, when the electrical energy receiving device 12 receives electrical energy, an electromagnetic field is formed around the electrical energy receiving device 12. Once the electrical energy receiving device 12 is attached to the bottom surface of the outer box 41, the magnetic flux formed around the electrical energy receiving device 12 tries to enter the outer case 41. However, the outer case 41 is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, so that the magnetic flux that tries to enter the outer case 41 is likely to be reflected by a surface of the outer box 41. As a result, only a small amount of magnetic flux enters the outer box 41 while the electrical energy receiving device 12 is receiving electricity, so that the outer box 41 can be prevented from reaching a high temperature.
    [00103] Specifically, while the electrical energy receiving device 12 is receiving electrical energy, the outer box 41 receives heat from the electrical energy receiving device 12, and at the same time is prevented from being heated by the magnetic flux formed around the receiving device of electrical energy 12. As a result, the outer box 41 can be prevented from reaching an excessively high temperature while the electrical energy receiving device 12 is receiving electrical energy.
    [00104] As shown in FIG. 4, the number of units of
    Petition 870170090112, of 11/22/2017, p. 95/116
    25/31 battery 25 of battery module 40 is greater than the number of battery units 26 of battery module 42, and battery units 25 are not overlapping in a vehicle 1 height direction, but instead , arranged at intervals in the width direction of the vehicle 1.
    [00105] Consequently, the installation area of the battery module 40 is larger than the installation area of the battery module 42, and when vehicle 1 is viewed in a lower plan view, the area of the outer box 41 of the external batteries 16 is larger than the area of the battery module 42 of the internal battery pack 17. [00106] Since the area of the bottom surface of the external box 41 is large, a magnetic flux formed around the energy receiving device electrical 12 is prevented from entering the floor panel 14. The floor panel 14 is made of iron or an alloy containing iron. [00107] Consequently, when an eddy current occurs on a surface of the floor 14 panel once the magnetic flux enters the floor 14 panel, this surface is likely to reach a high temperature. In Embodiment 1, therefore, the bottom surface of the outer box 41 has a large area in order to prevent the magnetic flux from entering the floor panel 14 and thereby preventing the floor panel 14 from reaching a high temperature. [00108] In Embodiment 1, the example in which the electrical energy receiving device 12 is provided has been described, but the electrical energy receiving device 12 is not an essential component. For example, FIG. 6 is a bottom view showing a modified example.
    [00109] As shown in FIG. 6, the present invention can also be applied to a vehicle that is not supplied with the electrical energy receiving device 12. In the example shown in FIG. 6, it is possible to vaporize the water inside the outer box 41 by the heat of the capPetition 870170090112, of 11/22/2017, p. 96/116
    26/31 in the discharge 73, and discharge the water through the impermeable and moisture-permeable film 50 to the outside of the external box 41. [00110] Concretion 2 In Concretion 1, the example in which a cooling device that cools the assembly internal battery pack 17 and external battery pack 16 is not provided has been described. In Embodiment 2, by contrast, an example in which a cooling device 100 that cools the external battery pack 16 and a cooling device 101 that cools the internal battery pack 17 is provided.
    [00111] FIG. 7 is a bottom view of vehicle 1 according to Embodiment 2, seen from below. As shown in FIG. 7, vehicle 1 includes the cooling device 100 which cools the external battery pack 16 and the cooling device 101 which cools the internal battery pack 17.
    [00112] The cooling device 100 includes a condenser 110, an expansion valve 111, an evaporator 112 and a compressor 113, and a cooling fluid C1 circulates within the cooling device 100.
    [00113] The condenser 110 is supplied on the front side of the vehicle 1, and it cools the cooling fluid C1 which flows through the condenser 110 with the outside air. The low temperature liquid high pressure cooler C1 is supplied from the condenser 110 to the expansion valve 111. The cooler C1 expands adiabatically on the expansion valve 111 to assume a low temperature low pressure mist form. The evaporator 112 is formed in a long tubular shape, and is arranged inside the outer box 41, on a lower surface of the battery module 40.
    [00114] While the cooler C1 flows through the evaporator 112, the cooler C1 absorbs the heat from the battery module 40 and cools the battery module 40. Absorbing the heat from the knock modulePetition 870170090112, 22/11/2017 , p. 97/116
    27/31 ria 40, the C1 cooler turns into a low pressure gas. The low pressure gas cooler C1 is compressed in the compressor 113 in the high pressure gas cooler C1 high temperature. The cooler C1 is then cooled in condenser 110 in the low temperature liquid high pressure cooler C1.
    [00115] Here, to maintain the high cooling performance of the evaporator 112, the evaporator tube 112 is placed in contact with the battery module 40 with an insulating film, etc. interposed between them, and is disposed with a clearance to the outer box 41.
    [00116] If the battery module 40 is cooled with the evaporator 112 so arranged, the water vapor contained in the air inside the outer box 41 may condense and adhere to a surface of the evaporator 112. It is feared that a condensate may accumulate if inside the outer box 41 once the water that adheres to the surface of the evaporator 112 drips on a lower surface of the outer box 41.
    [00117] Even in this case, the external box 41 is heated by the heat of the discharge pipe 73 and the electrical energy receiving device 12, so that the condensate that drips on the lower surface of the external box 41 can be evaporated.
    [00118] Specifically, while the vehicle 1 is in motion, the exhaust gas from the engine 20 flows through the exhaust pipe 73, increasing the temperature of the exhaust pipe 73. Since the exhaust pipe 73 is arranged on the side of the right side surface 6 in relation to the outer box 41, a part of a lower plate 47 of the outer box 41 located on the side of the right side surface 6 reaches a higher temperature than a part of the lower plate 47 located on the side of the side surface left 5. Consequently, the evaporation of water that dripped on the bottom surface of the outer box 41 while vehicle 1 is in motion can be promoted on the bottom plate part 47 of the outer box 41 located
    Petition 870170090112, of 11/22/2017, p. 98/116
    28/31 on the right side surface side 6. The resulting water vapor is discharged outside the outer box 41 as the air inside the outer box 41 is exchanged.
    [00119] While vehicle 1 is stopped and the electrical energy receiving device 12 is receiving electrical energy, the outer box 41 is heated by the heat of the electrical energy receiving device 12, which can promote the evaporation of condensate that has accumulated on the bottom surface of the outer box 41. In particular, since the electrical energy receiving device 12 is provided on the lower plate 47 of the outer box 41, evaporation of condensate that has accumulated on the bottom surface of the outer box 41 can be favorably promoted.
    [00120] Here, the amount of current supplied to the battery modules 40, 42 when the battery modules 40, 42 are charged using the electrical energy receiving device 12 is less than the amount of current discharged from the battery modules 40, 42 while vehicle 1 is in motion. Consequently, the temperature of the battery module 40 while the electricity receiving device 12 is receiving electricity is lower than the temperature of the battery module 40 while the vehicle 1 is in motion.
    [00121] Therefore, the conduction of the cooling device 100 can be interrupted while the battery modules 40, 42 are being charged using the electric energy receiving device 12. Interruption of the conduction of the cooling device 100 can suppress water condensation. on evaporator 112 and thus can suppress an increase in condensate that accumulates on the bottom surface of the outer box 41.
    [00122] The condensate evaporated by the heat from the discharge pipe 73 and the electrical energy receiving device 12 is discharged coPetition 870170090112, of 11/22/2017, p. 99/116
    29/31 m water vapor through the impermeable and moisture-permeable film 50 to the outside of the outer box 41. In Embodiment 2, too, the air exchange rate of the outer box 41 is lower than the exchange rate of air from the inner box 43. Thus, foreign substances outside the outer box 41 can be prevented from entering the box. [00123] Cooling device 101 includes a fan 120 and an exhaust duct 122. Fan 120 supplies air from inside the vehicle cabin to the inner box 43. Thus, the battery module 42 within the inner box 43 is cooled . The exhaust duct 122 discharges the air inside the inner box 43 to the vehicle cabin. [00124] In this case, since the internal air is forcibly supplied by the cooling device 101 to the internal box 43, the air exchange rate of the internal box 43 is higher than the air exchange rate of the external box 41 and therefore, the battery module 42 housed in the inner box 43 can be appropriately cooled.
    [00125] In the above embodiments, the example in which the external battery pack 16 is directly exposed to the outside has been described. However, the external battery pack 16 in the present disclosure is not limited to being exposed to the outside.
    [00126] FIG. 8 is a sectional view schematically showing a modified example of how to install external battery pack 16. In a vehicle 1A shown in FIG. 8, vehicle 1A includes a protective box 150 disposed on the bottom surface 15 of vehicle 1A, and the external battery pack 16 is housed in protective box 150.
    [00127] The protective box 150 includes a main body of the box 152 and an air inlet opening 151 provided in the main body of the box 152. Through the air inlet opening 151, air outside the vehicle 1A is taken in the protective box 150.
    [00128] The air outside vehicle 1A taken in the protective box 150 pasPetição 870170090112, of 11/22/2017, p. 100/116
    30/31 sa through the impermeable and moisture-permeable film 50 and enters the outer box 41 of the external battery pack 16.
    [00129] The air inside the outer box 41 passes through the impermeable and moisture-permeable film 50 and enters the main body of the box 152 and is then discharged through the air inlet opening 151 to the outside of the vehicle 1A.
    [00130] Thus, in the example shown in FIG. 8, also, the external battery pack 16 is provided on the bottom surface 15 located on the outside of the vehicle, and air outside the vehicle 1A can enter and exit the external battery pack 16.
    [00131] In an external battery pack 16, it is also possible to prevent external substances contained in the air outside the vehicle from entering the external battery pack 16 by decreasing the air exchange rate of the external box 41. In addition, the external battery pack 16 can be indirectly cooled since the protective case 150 is cooled while the vehicle 1A is in motion.
    [00132] Alternatively, a mesh cover covering the external battery pack 16 can be used in place of the protective box 150 shown in FIG. 8. Also when the external battery pack 16 is covered with such a cover, it is possible to prevent foreign substances from entering the external box 41 by decreasing the air exchange rate of the external box 41. In addition, the external battery pack 16 can be cooled as a displacement wind blows in the external battery pack 16 through the cover while the vehicle 1 is in motion.
    [00133] Thus, in the present disclosure, it is not essential that the external battery pack 16 is placed in such a state that the external battery pack 16 can directly come into contact with the air outside the vehicle. That is, the external battery pack 16 can be placed in such a state that the air outside the vehicle can direct 870170090112, from 11/22/2017, p. 101/116
    31/31 directly or indirectly enter the external battery pack 16, and that the external battery pack 16 can be directly or indirectly cooled by a displacement wind.
    [00134] The embodiments disclosed here should be considered, in all respects, merely illustrative and not limiting. The scope of this disclosure is defined not by the above description, but by the claims, and is intended to include all possible modifications that are equivalent in meaning and scope to the claims.
    Petition 870170090112, of 11/22/2017, p. 102/116
    1/2
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. Vehicle, characterized by the fact that it comprises:
    a first set of batteries (17) which includes a first battery module (42) and a first box (43) housing the first battery module, and is disposed within the vehicle; and a second set of batteries (16) that includes a second battery module (40) and a second box (41) housing the second battery module, and is arranged on a lower surface of the vehicle located on the outside of the vehicle, wherein an exchange rate of air from the first box is greater than an exchange rate of air from the second box.
    [2]
    2. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it also comprises an engine (20) and a discharge pipe (73) connected to the engine, in which the discharge pipe is provided on the bottom surface of the vehicle and arranged in a position adjacent to the second box (41).
    [3]
    3. Vehicle, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it further comprises an electrical energy receiving device (12) that is configured to receive contactless electrical energy from an electrical energy transmission device supplied outside the vehicle , in which the electrical energy receiving device is provided on a lower surface of the second box (41).
    [4]
    4. Vehicle according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that when the second box (41) and the first box (43) are seen in a lower plane view of the vehicle, an area of the second box is larger than one area of the first box, and the electrical energy receiving device (12) is arranged on the bottom surface of the second box.
    [5]
    5. Vehicle according to claim 4, characterized
    Petition 870170090112, of 11/22/2017, p. 103/116
    2/2 due to the fact that the second box (41) is made of an alloy containing aluminum.
    [6]
    Vehicle according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that it further comprises a load input (30) to which a load connector provided outside the vehicle is to be connected, to which the load input it is electrically connected to the first battery module (42) and the second battery module (40), and the charge input is provided on a peripheral surface of the vehicle.
    [7]
    7. Vehicle according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized by the fact that it further comprises:
    a first electrical power cable (80) connected to the electrical energy receiving device (12) and the second set of batteries (16); and a second power cable (84, 86) connected to the power receiving device and the first set of batteries (17), where a battery capacity of the second battery module (40) is greater than a capacity of battery of the first battery module (42), and a length of the first power cable (80) is less than a length of the second power cable (84, 86).
    Petition 870170090112, of 11/22/2017, p. 104/116
    1/8
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    法律状态:
    2018-10-30| B03A| Publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention [chapter 3.1 patent gazette]|
    优先权:
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    JP2016245123A|JP6555244B2|2016-12-19|2016-12-19|vehicle|
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